Public Program Analysis: A New Categorical Data Approach

I: Foundations.- 1. Multidimensional Contingency Tables.- 2. Guidelines for Analysis.- What Are Categorical Data?.- Is This a Categorical Data Problem?.- What Function Should Be Analyzed?.- What Sample Size Is Required?.- Are Zero Cells a Problem?.- How Many Analyses Should Be Performed?.- What Levels of Significance Should Be used?.- Summary.- 3. Contingency Table Analysis: The WLS Approach.- The Contingency Table.- Formation of Functions.- The Variance of a Function.- The Linear Model and Categorical Data.- An Example of WLS Analysis.- Additive Association.- Multiplicative Association.- Summary.- Exercises.- II: Simple Applications of the WLS Approach.- 4. One Response and Two Factor Variables.- Analyzing Sentences in Criminal Court.- Defining the Variables.- The Response Function.- Specifying the Model.- Estimating Parameters.- Evaluating the Model's Fit.- Testing Hypotheses.- Interpreting the Model.- Summary.- Exercises.- Appendix: GENCAT Input.- 5. Interaction Among Factor Variables.- Adding Complexity.- Modeling Interaction.- A Modular Model.- Comparison of Models.- Summary.- Exercises.- Appendix: GENCAT Input.- 6. Mean Scores.- Measuring HMO Usage.- Formation of Means.- The Prediction Model.- Defining New Factor Variables.- A Reduced Model.- Using the Model.- Summary.- Exercises.- Appendix: GENCAT Input.- 7. Log-Linear Models.- Analyzing Air Pollution Effects.- The Data.- Defining the Variables.- A Rationale for the Logit.- The Logit Model.- Comparison of WLS and ML Results.- An Odds-Ratio Interpretation.- Lead-A Significant Factor?.- Summary.- Exercises.- Appendix: GENCAT Input.- III: Advanced Applications of the WLS Approach.- 8. Multiple Response Functions.- Examining Trust in Government.- Structure of a Multiresponse Table.- Mean Trust Scores.- Multiple Proportions.- Summary.- Exercises.- Appendix: GENCAT Input.- 9. Rank Correlation Methods.- Are People Consistent in Their Responses?.- A Rank Correlation Coefficient.- Computing Gamma Using GENCAT.- Examining Consistency.- Results: No Education Effect.- Summary.- Exercises.- Appendix: GENCAT Input.- 10. Rank Choice Analysis.- Choosing Among Competing Alternatives.- Discrete-Choice Data and Few Choices.- Discrete-Choice Data and Many Choices.- Continuous-Choice Data.- Summary.- Exercises.- Appendix: GENCAT Input.- 11. Follow-Up Life Table Analysis.- Predicting HMO Membership.- The Follow-Up Life Approach.- WLS and the Follow-Up Life Table.- Specifying the Model.- Age and Year of Enrollment.- Summary.- Exercises.- Appendix: GENCAT Input.- 12. Selected WLS Literature.- Paired Comparisons.- Observer Agreement.- Supplemented Margins.- Repeated Measures.- Partial Association.- Competing Risks.- Multiple-Record Systems.- Complex Sample Surveys.- Complex Functions.- Functional Asymptotic Regression Methodology (FARM).- Variable Selection.- Comparisons to Parametric Regression.- Philosophy of Data Analysis.- Appendixes.- Appendix A: Matrix Notation.- Matrix Definitions.- Matrix Arithmetic.- The Inverse Matrix.- System of Linear Equations-Scalar Presentation.- System of Linear Equations-Matrix Presentation.- Summary.- Exercises.- Appendix B: The Linear Model.- Traditional Approach to ANOVA.- Linear Model Approach to ANOVA.- Coding Methods.- Testing Hypotheses.- Two-Way ANOVA.- Interaction.- Summary.- Exercises.- Appendix C: Table of Chi-Square Values.- Appendix D: The GENCAT Computer Program.- An Overview of GENCAT.- Entering the Data to GENCAT.- Left-Hand Side of the Equation.- Right-Hand Side of the Equation.- Testing Individual Hypotheses.- Summary of Major Input to GENCAT.- GENCAT Input and Output for Chapter 4.- References.