Heart Perfusion, Energetics, and Ischemia

1: Keynote Lectures on Multidisciplinary Approach to Heart Failure, Ischemia, and Infarction.- Different Factors in Death from Coronary Disease.- Blood Hyperviscosity in Heart Performance and Ischaemia: Heat Transfer and Stress.- Discussion Comments and Responses.- 2: Heart as the Pump: Work Output.- The Human Heart as a Pump.- The Heart as a Muscle and a Pump: Ventricular Function of the Heart in Ischemic Heart Disease.- Control of Cardiac Output in Sustained Essential Hypertension: A Biomathematical Approach.- Discussion The Heart as a Muscle and a Pump.- 3: Microcirculation and Myocardial Perfusion.- The Coronary Arteries.- The Coronary Microcirculation.- Microcirculation in Myocardium and Cerebral Cortex.- Subendocardial Ischemia in the Absence of Coronary Artery Disease.- Pharmacological Approach to Perfusion.- Ischemia in the Heart due to Atherosclerotic Mechanisms, Flow Anomalies and Vascular Spasm.- Discussion Comments and Responses.- 4: Ischemia and Infarction: Cellular, Humoral and Viscosity Aspects.- Mechanism of Cell Death in Myocardial Ischaemia.- Role of Platelets and Biophysical Factors in Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis.- Blood Viscosity in Myocardial Infarction.- Whole Blood Viscosity and Ischemic Heart Disease.- Calcium and Erythrocyte Microrheology: Pharmacological Applications.- Discussion A Potential Role for Plasma Proteins in Hyper-Viscosity and Capillary Sludging with Special Reference to Myocardial Ischaemia.- Comments on Blood Rheology in Coronary Heart Disease.- A Clinical Perception of the Role of Blood Viscosity.- 5: Myocardial Metabolism: Proteins, Metabolites and Ion Exchange.- Cardiac Protein Synthesis in Stress: Overload, Ethanol, and Anoxia.- Molecular Biology of Intercellular Matrix Macromolecules in Relation to the Cardiovascular System.- Thermal Transitions in Collagenous Tissues as Sensors of the Environment.- Cardiac Metabolites: The Importance of Supply and Demand.- Metabolites in Shock.- Calcium Exchange in the Heart.- Appendix to the Calcium Exchange in the Heart.- Calcium in Ischaemic Heart.- Discussion Proteoglycans and Glycosaminoglycans in Heart Valves.- Calcium Exchange I.- Calcium Exchange II: Sarcolemmal Fluxes Associated with Contraction of Heart Muscle.- Calcium Exchange III.- Comments and Responses.- 6: Thermodynamics and Heat Transfer.- The Cardiovascular System and Heat Transfer.- Energy Transfer in the Heart.- Thermodynamics and Cardiac Energetics.- Temperature Distribution and Transport of Heat in the Canine Myocardium.- Temperature Sensitivity Coefficients of Heat Transfer Processes in Myocardium, with Special Reference to the Determination of Tissue Perfusion.- Steady State Heat Transfer in the Left Ventricle.- Appendix to the Steady Heat Transfer in the Left Ventricle.- Discussion Comment on Myocardial Temperature and Blood Flow Distribution.- Comment on Existence of Hot Spots .- Comments and Responses.- 7: Summary, Conclusions and Perspectives.- Viewpoint on Heart Disease and Public Health.- Congestive Heart Failure is not Due to Low Cardiac Output per se.- Energy Transformation in the Heart.- Problems in Calcium Exchange.- Recommendations for Future Work on Metabolites.- Role of Microrheology of Blood (Hyperviscosaemia).- Viewpoint on Collagen Transition and Collagen as a Temperature Sensor.- Perspectives.- List of Participants.