Deterrence and Juvenile Crime: Results from a National Policy Experiment

1 The Punishment Perspective.- Purpose.- An Overview.- Organization of the Book.- 2 Policy, Perceptions, and Criminal Behavior.- General Deterrence Research.- Aggregate Data Studies.- The Methodological Critique.- Macro-level Evaluation Research.- Recidivism and Specific Deterrence.- Deterrence and Labeling.- Restitution Programs.- Methodological Issues.- Perceptions of Legal Sanctions.- One-Wave Perceptual Research.- Second Generation Perceptual Research.- Sanctions and Perceptions.- Unresolved Issues.- 3 Rational Choice and Decision Heuristics.- Deterrence and Subjective Expected Utility Theory.- A Critique.- Modifying Rational Choice Theory.- A Decision Heuristics Approach.- Decision Heuristics.- The Decision Model.- 4 Juvenile Offenders: Methods and Measures.- Sources of Data.- Characteristics of the Interviewed Sample.- The Juvenile Offender Interviews.- The Official Records Check.- Management Information System Data.- Offenders and Offense Rates.- Measures of Offense Rates.- Comparing Alternative Measures of Recidivism.- Measuring Prior Offenses.- Perceptions and Values.- Intentions.- Certainty.- Severity.- Good Citizen Self-Image.- Remorse.- Fairness.- Experiences in the Juvenile Justice System.- Random Assignment.- Restitution and Probation.- Boise, Idaho.- Washington, D.C.- Clayton County, Georgia.- Oklahoma County.- Ventura, California.- Dane County, Wisconsin.- Program Success.- 5 The Perceptual Basis of Juvenile Crime.- Intentions to Reoffend.- Correlates of Intentions.- Multivariate Models of Intentions to Reoffend.- Post-Release Recidivism.- Correlates of Recidivism.- Multivariate Models of Perceptions and Recidivism.- Decision Making and Recidivism.- Methodological Issues.- Threshold Effects.- Good Citizen, Deterrence, Interactions.- Decay Effects.- The "Macho" Explanation.- Curvilinear Effects.- Deterrence and Experienced Offenders.- Deterrence and Type of Crime.- Discussion.- 6 Direct Effects of Programs on Recidivism.- Suppression Effects.- Program Effects.- Discussion of Suppression Effects.- Post-Program Comparisons.- Discussion of Direct Effects.- 7 Experiences, Perceptions, and Recidivism.- Programs and Perceptions.- Restitution vs. Incarceration.- Discussion.- Linking Program Experiences with Recidivism.- A Methodological Note.- Restitution vs. Incarceration.- Restitution vs. Probation.- Programmatic Restitution vs. Ad Hoc Restitution.- The Pooled Data.- Discussion.- 8 Conclusions.- Program Effects on Recidivism.- Effect of Perceptions on Recidivism.- Program Interventions, Perceptions, and Results.- References.- Author Index.