Flooding and Implosive Therapy: Direct Therapeutic Exposure in Clinical Practice

1 Direct Therapeutic Exposure.- What Is Direct Therapeutic Exposure?.- For Which Disorders Is Direct Therapeutic Exposure Effective?.- Early False Assumptions Lead to Concerns about Effectiveness.- Concerns about Resensitization and/or the Incubation Effect.- Does Direct Therapeutic Exposure Harm Clients?.- 2 Research on Nonpatient Populations.- Animal Analogue Research.- The Conditioned-Avoidance Response.- Effect of Amount of CS Exposure during Extinction.- The Effect of Food.- Effects of Graded CS Exposure.- Effect of Drugs.- Effect of Forced Movement.- Effect of Flooding to an "Irrelevant" Stimulus.- Serial CS and Resistance to Extinction.- Summary.- Human Analogue Research.- Duration of Exposure.- Fear Enhancement (Incubation) with Exposure.- Mode of Cue Presentation.- In Vivo versus Fantasy Exposure.- The Validity of Using Imagery in Direct Exposure Techniques.- Scene Content.- Flooding versus Systematic Desensitization.- Effect of Drugs.- Summary.- 3 Research on Patient Populations.- Issues in the Treatment of Anxiety Disorders with Therapeutic Exposure.- In Vivo versus Imaginal (Fantasy) Exposure.- Optimal Length of Exposure Session.- Homework Exposure.- Group versus Individual Treatment.- The Effect of Group Cohesiveness on Exposure.- Client Response during Treatment.- Psychotropic Medications with Exposure.- Graded versus Nongraded Exposure.- Treating Obsessive Thoughts Unaccompanied by Compulsion.- Direct Exposure versus Other Psychotherapeutic Techniques in Treating Anxiety Disorders.- Exposure Techniques Used with Other Disorders.- Psychiatric Inpatients and Outpatients.- Agitated Depression.- Alcoholism.- Emotionally Disturbed Retardates.- Heroin Addiction.- Insomnia.- Summary.- Case Reports.- Adult Phobias with Obsessive-Compulsive Features.- Techniques Using Variations of Flooding or Implosive Therapy.- Flooding and Implosive Therapy with Children.- 4 Theory and Technique.- Implosive Therapy: Theory and Technique.- Task of the Therapist.- The Therapist-Client Relationship.- Informed Consent.- Detective Work.- Therapeutic Programming and Initial Diagnostic Interviews.- Neutral Scene Presentation.- Implosive Sessions.- Use of Implosive Therapy with Other Therapies.- Scene Content Areas.- The Flooding Technique.- Imaginal Flooding.- In Vivo Flooding.- 5 Case Examples.- Chronic Posttraumatic Stress Disorder.- First Interview.- Second Interview.- Treatment.- Simple (Specific) Phobia.- Heights.- Flying.- Insects, Snakes, and Other Small Animals.- Contamination.- Automobile Driving.- Fear of Dental Procedures.- Medical and Surgical Problems.- Social Phobia.- Public Speaking.- Urinating in Public Restrooms.- Agoraphobia.- Panic Disorders.- Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders.- Epilogue.- References.- Author Index.