The Northern Forest Border in Canada and Alaska: Biotic Communities and Ecological Relationships

1. Background and Setting.- 2. Early Observations in the Northern Barrens.- 3. The Forest/Tundra Transition or Ecotone.- 4. Physiography of Northern Study Areas.- 5. Forest Border Community Structure.- 6. Northern Soils.- 7. Faunal Community Relationships.- 8. Essay on Diversity and Dominance.- 9. Environment: Atmosphere.- 10. Summary and Conclusions.- Appendixes.- A. Survival Strategies of the Ecotonal Species.- B. A Note on Methods.- C. Introgression in Black and White Spruce.- D. Nomenclature.- E. Aerial Photographic Interpretation.- F. Coordinates of Study Sites.- G. Bird and Animal Species Observed in the Ennadai Lake Area.- H. Spruce Outliers Beyond Northern Limit of Forest-Tundra.- References.