Population Genetics in Animal Breeding

1. Genetic Structure of Populations.- 1.1. Gene Frequencies.- 1.2. Genetic Equilibrium.- 1.3. Multiple Loci.- 1.4. Sex Linkage.- 1.5. Estimation of Gene Frequency.- 2. Changes in Gene Frequency.- 2.1. Mutation.- 2.2. Migration.- 2.3. Selection.- 2.3.1. Equilibria under Selection.- 2.4. Random Drift.- 3. Inbreeding.- 4. Quantitative Genetics.- 4.1. Gene Effects.- 4.2. Variances.- 5. Repeatability.- 6. Heritability.- 6.1. Likeness of Relatives.- 6.2. Estimation of Heritability.- 6.3. Realized Heritability.- 6.4. Maternal Influences.- 6.5. Variance of Heritability.- 6.6. General Remarks about Heritability.- 7. Genetic Correlations.- 7.1. Variance of Genetic Correlations.- 8. Genotype-Environment Interaction.- 9. Selection.- 9.1. Goals of Selection.- 9.2. Influence of Selection on the Genic Variance.- 9.3. Changes in Gene Frequency by Selection.- 9.4. Indirect Selection.- 9.5. Selection for Several Traits.- 10. Aids to Selection.- 10.1. Repeated Records.- 10.2. Pedigree Evaluation.- 10.3. Progeny Testing.- 10.3.1. Methods of Progeny Testing.- 10.3.2. Accuracy of Progeny Testing.- 10.4. Sib and Family Testing.- 11. Selection Index.- 11.1. Information from Different Individuals or Different Traits for Estimating Breeding Values of Single Traits.- 11.2. Estimation of Aggregate Genotype.- 11.3. Stepwise Selection.- 12. Empirical Tests of Selection Theory.- 12.1. Selection Experiments.- 12.2. Success of Practical Breeding.- 12.2.1. Control Populations.- 12.2.2. Repeat Matings.- 12.2.3. Retrospective Selection Indices.- 12.3. Selection Limits.- 13. Threshold Traits.- 14. Mating Systems.- 14.1. Influence on Average.- 14.2. Effects on Variances.- 14.3. Causes of Inbreeding Depression and Heterosis.- 15. Consequences and Application of Inbreeding.- 16. Crossbreeding.- 17. Genetic Polymorphism and Single Genes.- 17.1. Paternity Control.- 17.2. Connection with Performance.- 17.3. Heterozygosity.- 17.4. Incomplete Penetrance.- 17.5. Testing for Recessive Genes.- 18. Breeds and Breed Formation.- 18.1. Breed Identification.- 18.2. Creation of New Breeds.- 19. Breeding Plans.- 19.1. Economic Aspects in Selection.- 19.2. Hierarchy in Populations of Domestic Animals.- 20. Final Remarks.- Literature.- General Sources.- References.