Brain Energy Metabolism

1. Determination of CO₂ Production in Subcellular Preparations like Synaptosomes and Isolated Mitochondria Using ¹⁴C-Labeled Substrates and Radioactive CO₂ Measurements

Mary C. McKenna and Irene B. Hopkins

2. Transport of Lactate: Characterization of the Transporters Involved in Transport at the Plasma Membrane by Heterologous Protein Expression in Xenopus Oocytes

Holger M. Becker

3. Primary Cultures of Astrocytes and Neurons as Model Systems to Study the Metabolism and Metabolite Export from Brain Cells

Ketki Tulpule, Michaela C. Hohnholt, Johannes Hirrlinger, and Ralf Dringen

4. Metabolic Mapping of Astrocytes and Neurons in Culture Using Stable Isotopes and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS)

Anne B. Walls, Lasse K. Bak, Ursula Sonnewald, Arne Schousboe, and Helle S. Waagepetersen

5. Metabolic Flux Analysis Tools to Investigate Brain Metabolism In Vitro

Ana I. Amaral, Paula M. Alves, and Ana P. Teixeira

6. Fluorescent Nanosensor Based Flux Analysis: Overview and the Example of Glucose

L. Felipe Barros, Felipe Baeza-Lehnert, Rocío Valdebenito, Sebastián Ceballo, and Karin Alegría

7. Mitochondrial Bioenergetics Assessed by Functional Fluorescence Dyes

Juan Carlos Corona and Michael R. Duchen

8. RNA Interference as a Tool to Selectively Down-Modulate Protein Function

Seila Fernandez-Fernandez and Juan P. Bolaños

9. Localizing and Quantifying Metabolites In Situ with Luminometry: Induced Metabolic Bioluminescence Imaging (imBI)

Stefan Walenta, Nadine F. Voelxen, Ulrike G.A. Sattler, and Wolfgang Mueller-Klieser

10. A Chip Off the Old Block: The Brain Slice as a Model for Metabolic Studies of Brain Compartmentation and Neuropharmacology

Caroline Rae and Vladimir J. Balcar

11. Integrated Measurements of Electrical Activity, Oxygen Tension, Blood Flow, and Ca²⁺-Signaling in Rodents In Vivo

Claus Mathiesen, Kirsten Thomsen, and Martin Lauritzen

12. Measuring Cerebral Hemodynamics and Energy Metabolism by Near-Infrared Spectroscopy

Keith St. Lawrence, Kyle Verdecchia, Jonathan Elliott, and Mamadou Diop

13. Compartmental Analysis of Metabolism by ¹³C Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

Graeme F. Mason, Lihong Jiang, and Kevin L. Behar

14. Positron Emission Tomography of Brain Glucose Metabolism with [¹⁸F]Fluorodeoxyglucose in Humans

Albert Gjedde