The Origin of a New Progenitor Stem Cell Group in Human Development: An Immunohistochemical-, Light-

Preface.- Chapter 1. Distribution of progenitor stem cells from the AMG-system an the adrenal.- Introduction.- Materials and Methods.- Chapter 1.1. The 'bidirectional' migration of human primordial germ cells (PGCs) including other stem cells.- Chapter 1.2. Distribution of fetal stem cells on the AMG-region, and how one group enters the human aorta and circulates in embryonal capillaries.- Chapter 1.3. Formation of the adrenal primordium in the AMG region and the development of the human adrenal cortex, notably the Zona definitiva.- Chapter 1.3.1 First stage of the adrenal gland development.- Chapter 1.3.2 Second period of the adrenal gland development.- Chapter 1.3.3 The third period of midgestational adrenal development.- Chapter 1.4. Further differentiation of the AMG-region: Development of the sympathetic cords, ganglia and paraganglia adjacent to the adrenal 'anlage': the 'second brain'.- Chapter 1.4.1 The Plexus coeliacus.- Chapter 1.4.2 The formation of paraganglia within the autonomic plexus.- Chapter 1.5. Discussion of the immigration of fetal stem cells into the autonomic NS, their role in the formation of the paraganglia and their axonal migration.- Chapter 2. Development of the adrenal medulla and other endocrine glands.- Chapter 2.1. Development of the autonomic innervation of the adrenal gland and the formation of the adrenal medulla.- Chapter 2.2. Development of the autonomic innervation of the human pancreas and origin of the pancreatic islets.- Chapter 2.3. Development of the human parathyroid gland.- Chapter 2.4. Fetal Stem Cells at perigonadal and intragonadal sites.- Chapter 2.5. Down-growth of autonomic nerves in the stomach and the intestine tube: the migration and the whereabouts of the stem cells.- Chapter 2.6. Discussion: the process of stem cell distribution and migration within the autonomic nerves to organs of the human developing organism.- Chapter 3. Final view on stem cell origin during human development.- Introduction.- Chapter 3.1. The origin of the stem cells of group II.- Chapter 3.2. Types of stem cells.- Chapter 3.2.1 Embryonic stem cells (eSCs).- Chapter 3.2.2 Naïve stem cells and cells with primed pluripotent states.- Chapter 3.2.3 Neural crest stem cells (NCSCs).- Chapter 3.2.4 Induced stem cells (iSCs).- Chapter 3.2.5 Adult stem cells (adult SCs).- Chapter 3.3. Further stem cell categories during the human developmental process: the rôle of the AMG-region.- Chapter 3.4. How fetal stem cells deliver the progenitor cells of the adrenal cortex and how they pass into the local autonomic plexus.- Chapter 3.5. The cells multiplicated in the adrenal cortex become fetal stem cells.- Chapter 3.6. The role of the paraganglia during the stem cell storage and stem cell distribution.- Chapter 3.7. A new phylogenetical step during human development: the evolution of a new feedback system permitting a lifelong maintenance of stem cell supply. The paraganglia, autonomic nervous system, and 'axonal' stem cell migration system.- Chapter 3.8. Remaining questions and perspectives.- References.