Insect Neurohormones

'1 Synthesis, Storage, and Release of Neurohormones.- 1.1. The Neurosecretory Cells.- 1.1.1. General Features of Neurosecretory Cells.- 1.1.2. Activity of Neurosecretory Cells and Its Regulation.- 1.1.3. Neurosecretory Products, Their Staining Methods, and Classification.- 1.1.4. Distribution of Neurosecretory Cells-Axon Pathways.- 1.2. Neurohormone Release Sites.- 1.2.1. The Corpora Cardiaca.- 1.2.2. Other Release Sites of Brain Neurosecretory Products.- 1.2.3. The Perisympathetic Organs.- 1.2.4. Distal Neurohemal Organs.- 1.2.5. Neuroeffector Junctions.- 1.2.6. Transport of Neurosecretory Products along the Ventral Nerve Cord.- 1.3. Neurohormones and Biogenic Amines.- 1.4. Conclusions.- 2 Control of Endocrine Gland Activity.- 2.1. Molting Gland.- 2.1.1. Molting Gland Secretion Control.- 2.1.2. Molting Gland Activation.- 2.1.3. Degeneration of the Molting Gland.- 2.1.4. Location of Brain Hormone.- 2.1.5. Brain Hormone Release Site.- 2.1.6. Brain Hormone and Ventral Nerve Cord.- 2.1.7. Antagonistic Brain Factor.- 2.1.8. Feedback.- 2.1.9. Chemical Nature of Brain Hormone.- 2.1.10. Stimulation of Ecdysone Production by the Ovary.- 2.1.11. Conclusions.- 2.2. Corpora Cardiaca.- 2.3. Corpora Allata.- 2.3.1. Volume Changes and Activity of Corpora Allata.- 2.3.2. Innervation of Corpora Allata.- 2.3.3. Early Investigations.- 2.3.4. Detailed Investigations.- 2.3.5. Juvenile Hormone Titer and Cerebral Control.- 2.3.6. Regulation of Juvenile Hormone Esterases.- 2.3.7. Conclusions.- 3 Diapause.- 3.1. Imaginal Diapause.- 3.2. Pupal Diapause.- 3.3. Larval Diapause.- 3.4. Embryonic Diapause.- 3.5. Conclusions.- 4 Reproduction.- 4.1. Sex Determination.- 4.2. Gonial Mitosis and Meiosis.- 4.3. Differentiation of the Ovariole-Previtellogenesis.- 4.4. Vitellogenesis.- 4.4.1. Pars Intercerebralis.- 4.4.2. Ventral Nerve Cord.- 4.5. Oostatic Hormone (Antigonadotropin).- 4.6. Spermatogenesis.- 4.7. Accessory Glands, Pheromone Production, Sexual Behavior.- 4.8. Ovulation.- 4.9, Egg Laying.- 4.10. Conclusions.- 5 Functioning of the Visceral Muscles.- 5.1. The Visceral Muscles: Innervation and Functioning.- 5.1.1. Heart, Diaphragm, Alary Muscles.- 5.1.2. Malpighian Tubules, Oviducts, Digestive Tract.- 5.2. Source of Myotropic Factors, Multiplicity.- 5.3. Release Sites of Myotropic Factors.- 5.3.1. Corpora Cardiaca and Perisympathetic Organs.- 5.3.2. Distal Neurohemal Organs and Neuroeffector Junctions.- 5.4. Reality of the Existence of Myotropic Factors.- 5.5. Separation and Identification of Active Factors.- 5.6. Mode of Action of Myotropic Factors.- 5.7. Conclusions.- 6 Morphological and Physiological Color Change.- 6.1. Morphological Color Change.- 6.1.1. Locusts, Grasshoppers, Stick Insects.- 6.1.2. Lepidopteran Larvae and Pupae.- 6.1.3. Summary.- 6.2. Physiological Color Change.- 6.2.1. The Phantom Midge, Corethra.- 6.2.2. Dragonflies.- 6.2.3. Stick Insects.- 6.2.4. Interspecific Activity.- 6.2.5. Crustacean and Insect Hormones.- 6.2.6. Purification.- 6.3. Conclusions.- 7 Behavior and Rhythmic Phenomena.- 7.1. Flight.- 7.2. Circadian Rhythms and Activity Level.- 7.3. Eclosion Rhythm.- 7.4. Endogenous Nerve Activity.- 7.5. Egg Care.- 7.6. Polymorphism and Phase.- 7.7. Conclusions.- 8 Osmoregulation.- 8.1. Techniques.- 8.2. Diuretic Hormone.- 8.2.1. Synthesis Sites.- 8.2.2. Release Sites.- 8.2.3. Release Control.- 8.2.4. Circulating Hormone Rate, Hormone Destruction.- 8.3. Antidiuretic Hormone.- 8.4. Diuretic or Antidiuretic Function of Other Hormones.- 8.5. Purification of Diuretic and Antidiuretic Hormones.- 8.6. Mode of Action of Diuretic Hormone.- 8.7. Ion Metabolism.- 8.8. Conclusions.- 9 Metabolism.- 9.1. Proteases and Amylases.- 9.2. Proteins.- 9.3. Carbohydrates.- 9.3.1. Diapause Hormone.- 9.3.2. Hypertrehalosemic Hormone.- 9.3.3. Hypotrehalosemic Hormone.- 9.3.4. Glycogenolytic Hormone.- 9.3.5. Neurohormones and Blood Glucose Concentration.- 9.