Nitrite and Nitrate in Human Health and Disease

Section I: Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Metabolism, and Physiology.- Introduction.- From Atmospheric Nitrogen to Bioactive Nitrogen Oxides.- Nitrate Reducing Oral Bacteria: Linking Oral and Systemic Health.- Epigenetics and the Regulation of Nitric Oxide.- The Mitochondrion: A Physiological Target of Nitrite.- Sources of Exposure to Nitrogen Oxides.- Section II: Food and Environmental Exposures to Nitrite and Nitrate.- History of Nitrite and Nitrate in Food.- Nutritional Epidemiology of Nitrogen Oxides: What do the Numbers Mean?.- Nutritional Impact on the Nitric Oxide Pathway.- Dietary Flavonoids as Modulators of NO Bioavailability in Acute and Chronic Cardiovascular Diseases.- Nitrite and Nitrate in Human Breast Milk: Implications for Development.- Regulation of Dietary Nitrate and Nitrite: Balancing Essential Physiological Roles with Potential Health Risks.- Section III: Nitrite and Nitrate in Therapeutics and Disease.- Nitric Oxide Signaling in Health and Disease.- Inhaled Nitric Oxide.- Pharmacology of Nitrovasodilators.- Nitrite and Nitrate in Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury.- The Nitrate-Nitrite-Nitric Oxide Pathway in Traditional Herbal Medicine and Dietary Supplements with Potential Benefits for Cardiovascular Diseases.- Nitrate and Nitrite and Aging and Age-Related Disease.- Nitrite and Nitrate as a Treatment for Hypertension.- Nitrate in Exercise Performance.- Nitrite and Nitrate in Cancer.- Looking Forward.