Fortschritte der Chemie organischer Naturstoffe / Progress in the Chemistry of Organic Natural Produ

Nitric Oxide: Physiological Roles, Biosynthesis and Medical Uses.- List of Abbreviations and Acronyms.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Discovery in the Vasculature.- 3. Platelet Aggregation.- 4. NO and the Immune System.- 5. NO and the Nervous System.- 6. S-Nitrosothiols.- 6.1. NO-Release.- 6.2. Endogenous S-Nitrosothiols.- 6.3. S-Nitrosothiols as NO-Donor Drugs.- 7. NO Activity in the Mammalian Eye.- 8. The NO Biosynthetic Pathway.- 8.1. Introduction.- 8.2. Relation of Nitric Oxide Synthase to Cytochrome P 450.- 8.3. NO Synthase Isoforms.- 9. Mechanism of the Nitric Oxide Synthase-Catalysed Reaction.- 9.1. Mechanism of Cytochrome P450-Mediated Oxidations.- 9.1.1. P450-Mediated Hydroxylation.- 9.1.2. P450-Mediated N-Oxidation and N-Dealkylation.- 9.1.3. P450-Mediated Epoxidation.- 9.1.4. Aromatase Chemistry.- 9.2. Mechanism of NOS Monooxygenation I.- 9.3. Mechanism of NOS Monooxygenation II.- 9.4. Mechanism-Based Inhibitors of NOS.- 9.5. Summary.- 10. Nitric Oxide Synthase Structure.- 10.1. Primary Structure and Domain Organisation of NOS.- 10.1.1. Primary Structure.- 10.1.2. Domain Organisation.- 10.2. Function of the NOS Reductase Domain.- 10.3. The Calmodulin Binding Site.- 10.4. Membrane Association of NOS.- 10.5. Structure and Topology of the NOS Catalytic Site.- 10.5.1. Identification of Heme Thiolate Ligand.- 10.5.2. Characterisation of the NOS Heme Spin State.- 10.5.3. Structure of the NOS Catalytic Site.- 10.5.4. Identification of Residues that contribute to the Catalytic Site.- 10.5.5. Complementation Analysis with NOS Heterodimers.- 10.5.6. Summary.- 10.6 Role of the Biopterin Cofactor in NOS Catalysis.- 10.6.1. NOS and Pteridine-Dependent Hydroxylases: Dissimilarity in the Catalytic Role of H4B.- 10.6.2. An Allosteric Role for H4B in NOS Catalysis.- 10.6.3. A Redox Role for H4B in NOS Catalysis.- 10.6.4. The H4B Binding Site.- 10.7. NOS Dimer Assembly.- 10.8. Autoinactivation/NO Feedback Inhibition of NOS.- 10.9. Distinctive Features of NOS Isoforms.- 11. Clinical Uses of NO and Its Inhibitors.- 11.1. Respiratory Systems.- 11.2. Airway Modulation and Asthma.- 11.3. Toxicology.- 11.4. Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome.- 11.5. Sepsis.- 11.6. NO, Inflammation, and the Immune System.- 11.7. NOS Inhibition in Sepsis.- 11.8. NO and Cardiovascular Disease.- 11.9. NO and Interventional Cardiology.- 11.10. Pregnancy.- 11.11. Pre-Eclampsia.- 11.12. Nervous System.- 11.13. Bone.- 11.14. Conclusion.- 12. Addendum.- Acknowledgements.- References.- Author Index.