Enzymatic Synthesis of Structured Triglycerides: From Laboratory to Industry

1. Introduction: What´s the importance  of structured triglycerides (ST) and diglycerides (SD)?

1.1. Health aspects

1.2. Economic aspects

1.3. Synthesis aspects

1.4. Other considerations

2. Literature Review: What has been explored about enzymatic synthesis of ST and SD?

2.1. Enzymatic Synthesis of SD in one step

2.2. Enzymatic Synthesis of ST in one step

2.3. Enzymatic Synthesis of SD in two steps

2,5. Chemo-enzymatic synthesis of SD in two steps

2.6. Chemo-enzymatic synthesis of ST in two steps

2.7. Other enzymatic synthesis

3. Drawbacks: What problems arise when enzymatic synthesis of ST is performed?

3.1. Production in ST and  SD in Batch Reactors

3.2. Production in ST and SD  in Continuous Reactions

3.3. The use of adsorbents in ST and SD synthesis

3.4. Acyl migration in SD synthesis

3.5. Acyl migration in ST synthesis

3.6. Other problems

4. Potential Solutions: What can be done about the drawbacks in ST enzymatic synthesis?

4.1. The use of glycerol as substrate

4.2. The use of low-cost fatty acids or fatty acids mixtures as substrates

4.3. Sources of specific fatty acids

4.4. Other solutions

5. Industry perspective: What has to be taken into account when scaling-up from the lab to the industry?

5.1. Enzyme stability and reuse

5.2. Configurations that minimize acyl migrations. Are they feasible?

5.3. Operative and initial investment costs

6. Examples of successful industrial synthesis or potential industrial scaling of SD and ST

6.1. Maternal milk substitutes and other nutritional SD and ST

6.2. Other SD

6.3. Other ST

7. Conclusion: What does the future look like?