The Ocean Basins and Margins: Volume 7A The Pacific Ocean

1. North Pacific Sediments.- I. Introduction.- II. Framework of Sedimentation.- A. Physiography.- B. Oceanography.- C. Meteorology.- III. Prior Mapping and Studies.- IV. Sediment Characterization.- A. Sediment Data Base.- B. Sediment Analysis Methods.- C. Sediment Nomenclature and Classification.- V. Distribution of Major Sediment Types.- A. Terrigenous and Pelagic Clays.- B. Calcareous Oozes and Marls.- C. Biosiliceous Oozes and Muds.- VI. Distribution of Dominant Sedimentary Components.- A. Biogenic Calcareous Particles.- B. Biogenic Siliceous Particles.- C. Terrigenous Detritus.- D. Volcanic Detritus.- E. Authigenic Particles, Nodules, and Crusts.- VII. Summary: The Sedimentary Processes and Provinces of the North Pacific Ocean.- A. Sedimentary Processes.- B. Sedimentary Rates.- C. Sedimentary Provinces.- References.- 2. Mesozoic and Cenozoic Sedimentation in the Pacific Ocean Basin.- I. Introduction.- II. Framework of Sedimentation.- A. Geographic and Tectonic Setting.- B. Ocean Circulation, Sediment Distribution, and Tectonics.- III. Mesozoic Sedimentation.- A. Jurassic (pre-135 m.y. BP).- B. Cretaceous (135-65 m.y. BP).- IV. Cenozoic Sedimentation.- A. Paleocene and Eocene (65-38 m.y. BP).- B. Oligocene (38-23 m.y. BP).- C. Miocene to Recent (23-0 m.y. BP).- D. Some Mass-Balance Considerations.- V. Summary and Conclusions.- References.- 3. Pacific Plate Motion Recorded by Linear Volcanic Chains.- I. Introduction.- II. Late Tertiary Volcanic Chains.- A. Hawaiian Volcanic Chain.- B. Gulf of Alaska Volcanic Chains.- C. Caroline Islands.- D. Islas Revillagigedos.- E. Island Chains of French Polynesia.- F. New Hebrides-Samoa Lineament.- III. Late Cretaceous to Early Tertiary Volcanic Chains.- A. Emperor Seamount Chain.- B. Line Islands.- C. Louisville Ridge.- D. Musician Seamounts.- IV. Pacific Plate Motion in the Hot Spot Reference Frame.- V. Conclusions.- References.- 4. Mid-America: Tectonic Setting for the Pacific Margin from Southern Mexico to Northwestern Colombia.- I. Introduction.- II. Regional Tectonic Framework.- III. Tectonic Plates and Crustal Blocks.- A. North America Plate Segment.- B. Caribbean Plate Segment.- C. South America Plate Segment.- D. Tectonic Plate Boundary Zones.- IV. Regional Tectonic History: Interpretations and Problems.- References.- 5. The Northern Andes: A Review of the Ecuadoran Pacific Margin.- I. Introduction.- II. Geological Framework.- A. Geology of the Oriente.- B. Geology of the Sierra.- C. Geology of the Costa.- D. Geology of the Offshore and Galapagos Islands.- III. Correlation and Geological History.- A. Precambrian and Paleozoic.- B. Mesozoic: Pre-Cretaceous.- C. Mesozoic: Cretaceous.- D. Tertiary: Pre-Oligocene.- E. Tertiary: Pos-Eocene Orgeny.- F. Plio-Quaternary.- IV. Summarized Tectonic Interpretation.- References.- 6. The Central Andes: Peru and Bolivia.- I. Introduction.- II. Crystalline Basement.- A. The Arequipa Massif and Metamorphic Inliers.- III. The Eastern Cordillera.- A. The Precambrian Part of the Eastern Cordillera: The Marañon Complex.- B. The Lower Paleozoic Part of the Eastern Cordillera.- C. Eohercynian Folding and Upper Paleozoic Sedimentation in the Eastern Cordillera.- D. Permo-Triassic Plutonism in the Eastern Cordillera.- IV. Paleozoic Sediments and Plutonism in the Arequipa Massif.- V. Development of the West Peruvian Trough.- A. The West Peruvian Trough: A Continental Margin Back-Arc Basin.- B. Uplift and Molasse Formation.- C. The Coastal Batholith: A Lineament of Cretaceous Plutonism.- D. The Incaic Folding and Formation of the Eocene Erosion Surface.- VI. Discussion: Comparision of the Geotectonic Cycles in the Eastern and Western Cordilleras.- A. The Western Cordillera.- B. The Eastern Cordillera.- C. The Granites Compared.- D. Major Element Analyses.- VII. Conclusion.- References.- 7. The Southern Andes.- I. Introduction.- A. Morphological Units and Geographical Divisions.- B. Geotectonical Divisions.- C. Methodology and Outline.- D. Main Conclus