Physical Geology of Shallow Magmatic Systems: Dykes, Sills and Laccoliths

Introduction.- Physical properties of magma / Behaviour of magma at shallow levels.- Geotectonic settings: magma transport and typical shallow level systems.- Types of shallow level complexes.- Geometry and dimension.- Association with volcanic centres.- Volcanic-plutonic connection.- Structure of subvolcanic systems.- Internal structures.- Textures in the host.- Geophysics and remote sensing.- Modelling emplacement and cooling.- Analog experiments.- Numerical modelling.- Shallow-level magmatic systems and the environment.- Landslides and initiation of eruptions.- Climate change.- Societal aspects of shallow level igneous systems.- Raw materials.- Associated mineralizations.- Hydrogeology.- Shallow level bodies in hydrocarbon fields.- Case studies on shallow level magmatic complexes.- Halle Volcanic Complex.- British Cenozoic Igneous Province.- Elba Island.- Henry Mtns.- Karoo.- Iceland.- Bushveld.