Structural-Chemical Systematics of Minerals

Introduction

Division of elementary substances on metals, semi-metals and nonmetals   

Basic types of chemical substances, selected by primary type of chemical bond

Simple compounds, binary and more complex compounds, salts.     

Geochemical classification of elements and cations  

Highest taxons of structural-chemical systematic of minerals, preceding classes

Classes and their sequence

The sequence of highest taxons in developed structural-chemical systematic of minerals

Table #1.General enumeration of the taxons of structural-chemical  classification of minerals

Chemical-structural systematic of minerals

1.Type: Minerals with principal metallic and metallic-covalent bond - native metals and semimetals, metallides and sevimetallides 

1.1. Subtype: Metals and metallides 

1.1.1. Class: Metal

s and metallides of sidero- and chalcophyllic elements 

1.2. Class: Metalls and metallides of lithophyllic elements 

1.2. Subtype: Semimetals and semimetallides (ohly of sidero- and chalcophyllic cations)

1.2.1.Quassubtype*: Semimetals and semimetallides of Va-elements 

1.2.1 . Class: Native Va-semimetalls 

1.2.1b. Class: Va-Semimetals - arsenides, antimonides,bismuthides

1.2.2. Quasisubtype*: Semimetals and semimetallidess of Va-semimetals

1.2.2 . Class: Native VIa-semimetals

1.2.2b. Class: VIa-semimetalls-tellurides

2. Type: Minerals with principal metallic-covalent and ionic-covalent bond, rare van der Waals forses (native VIa-nonmetals) - chalcogenic compounds: chalcogenides (isodesmical) ®chalcosalts (anisodesmical)

2a. Quasitype*: Native VIa-nonmetals (van der Waals forses).

2b. Quasitype*: Chalcogenic compounds (metallic-covalent and ionic-covalent bond , rar

e van der Waals forses) - simple (isodesmical) ® complex ® chalcosalts (anisodesmical)

2b.1. Subtype: Chalcogenic compounds of sidero- and chalcophyllic cations

2b.1 <. Quasisubtype*: Sulfides and sulfosalts of sidero- and chalcophyllic cations

2b.1a.1. Class: Sulfides of sidero- and chalcophyllic cations

2b.1 .2. Class: Sulfosalts of sidero- and chalcophyllic cations

2b.1b. Quasisubtype*: Selenides and selenosalts of sidero- and chalcophilic cations

2b.1b.1. Class: Selenides sidero- and chalcophilic cations

2b.1b.2. Class: Selenosalts of sidero- and chalcophyllic cations3

2b.2. Subtype: Chalcogen compound of lithophyllic cations

2b.2.1. Class: Sulfides (and selenides ) of lithophyllic cations.

2b.2.2. Class: Sulfosalts of lithophyllic cations

3. Type: Minerals with principal ionic-covalent and covalent-ionic bond - nonmetallides of light (typical, noncenosymmetrical) VIa-elements (O) - ox

ygen compounds: oxides and hydroxydes (isodesmical ® anisodesmical) ® oxosalts (anisodesmical)

3.1. Subtype: : Oxides and hydroxydes (isodesmical)

3.1 . Quasisubtype*: Oxides and hydroxydes of lithophyllic cations with low FC

3.1 .1. Class: Oxides and hydroxydes of s-, d_s- and p_s-cations

3.1 .2.Class: Oxides and hydroxides of  4-valence f-cations

3.1a.3.Class: Oxides and hydroxides of f-cations with middle FC - 6-valence f-cations (U⁶⁺) ® compound uranyl (UO₂)²⁺  - uranil asids, uranates and their derivates (uranium micas and related minerals)

3.1b. Quasisubtype*: Oxides and hydroxides of lithophyllic cations with middle FC

3.1b.1. Overclass*: Oxides of Zr

3.1b.1 . Class: Simple oxides of Zr

3.1b.1b. Class: Complex oxides of Zr⁴⁺ ® titanates of Zr⁴⁺ ® zirconoti

tanates

3.1b.2. Overclass*: Oxides of Sn⁴⁺ and Ti⁴⁺

3.1b.2 . Class: Oxides and hydroxides of Sn⁴⁺ and Ti⁴⁺

3.1b.2b. Class: Complex oxides of Ti⁴⁺ (Sn⁴⁺) ® titanates (stannates) (only (6)-titanates, (6)- stannates)

3.1b.3. Overclass*: Oxides and hydroxides of Nb⁵⁺ and  Ta⁵⁺

3.1b.3 . Class: Simple oxides and hydroxides of Nb⁵⁺ and  Ta⁵⁺

3.1b.3b. Class: Complex oxides of Nb⁵⁺ and Ta⁵⁺ ((6)-tantaloniobates ® (4)-tantaloniobates) 

3.1b.4. Overclass*: Oxides and hydroxides of Mo and  W

3.1b.4 . Class: Simple oxides and hydroxides of Mo and W

3.1b.4b.Class: Complex oxides and hydroxides of Mo and W ((6)-molybdates and tungstenates ® (4)-molybdates and tungstenates)

3.1b.5. Overclass*: Oxides and hydroxides of  Mn⁴⁺.

3.1b.5 . Class: Si

mple oxides and hydroxides of Mn⁴⁺ ® complex oxides and hydroxides of Mn⁴⁺

3.1b.5b. Class: Complex oxides and hydroxides of Mn⁴⁺

3.1b.6. Overclass*: Oxides and hydroxides of V⁴⁺

3.1b.6 . Class: Simple oxides and hydroxides of V⁴⁺

3.1b.6b.Class: Complex oxides and hydroxides of V⁴⁺ ® vanadites

3.1b.7. Overclass*: Oxides and hydroxides of V⁵⁺

3.1b.7 . Class: Simple oxides and hydroxides of V⁵⁺

3.1b.7b. Class: Complex oxides and hydroxides of V⁵⁺ ® (6)-vanadates ® (5)-vanadates ® (4)-vanadates

3.1b.7b.1. Quasiclass: (6)-Vanadates

3.1b.7b.2. Quasiclass: (5)-Vanadates

3.1b.7b.3. Quasiclass : (4)-Vanadates

3.1c. Quasisubtype*: Oxides and hydroxides of chalcophyllic cations (without Va-and VIa-cations)

3.1c.1. Overclass*: oxides and hydroxides of Ib-cations

3.1c.2. Overclass*: Oxides an

d hydroxides of IIb-cations.

3.1c.3.Overclass*: Oxides and hydroxides  of III -cations

3.1c.4. Overclass*: Oxides and hydroxides of IV -cations

3.1d. Quasisubtype*: Oxides and hydroxides of V

3.1d.1. Overclass*: Oxides and hydroxides of As³⁺,Sb³⁺,Bi³⁺

3.1d.1 . Class: Simple oxides and hydroxides of As³⁺, Sb³⁺, Bi³⁺

3.1d.1b. Class: Complex oxides and hydroxides of As³⁺, Sb³⁺, Bi³⁺ ® (6)-arsenites, antiminites, bismuthites

3.1d.2. Overclass: Oxides and hydroxides of As⁵⁺, Sb⁵⁺, Bi⁵⁺ (all complex) ® arsenates, antimonates and bismuthates (only (6)-arsenates, (6)-antimonates and (6)-bismuthates)

3.1d.2.1. Quasiclass: (6)-antimonates and (6)-bismuthates

3.1e. Quasisubtype*: Oxides and hydroxides of VIa-cations (Te)

3.1e.1. Overclass*: Oxides and hydroxides

of ⁴⁺

3.1e.1 . Class: Simple oxides and hydroxides of ⁴⁺

3.1e.1b. Class: Complex oxides and hydroxides ⁴⁺ ® tellurites

3.1e.2. Overclass: Oxides and hydroxides of ⁶⁺ (all complex) ® tellurates (all (6)-tellurates )

3.1f. Quasisubtype*: Oxides and hydroxides of nonmetals (lithophyllic) elements

3.1f.1. Class: Oxides and hydroxides of Si and Ge (silicic and germanium anhydrides, silicic and germanium asids)

3.1f.2. Class: Oxides and hydroxides of B (boric anhydride and boric acids)

3.1f.3. Class: Oxides and hydroxides of Se (selenium anhydrite)

3.2. Subtype: Oxosalts (anisodesmical)

3.2.1. Class: Silicates

3.2.1 . Class: Germanates (zone of oxidization of Tsumeb and at France ?)

3.2.2. Class: Borates

3.2.2.1. Quasiclass: (4)-Borates of cations with low FC

3.2.2.2. Quasiclass: (3)-Borates

3.2.3. Class

: Carbonates

3.2.4. Class: Phosphates

3.2.4.1. Quasiclass: Orthophosphates

3.2.4.2. Quasiclass: Pyrophosphates

3.2.4.3. Quasiclass: Triphosphates

3.2.4 . Class: Arsenates

3.2.4 .1. Quasiclass: (6)-Arsenates

3.2.4 .2. Quasiclass: (4)-Arsenates (orthoarsenates)

*3.2.4 . Class: Arsenites

3.2.5. Class: Sulfates

3.2.6. Class: Sulfites

3.2.6 . Class: Selenates

3.2.6b. Class: Selenites 

3.2.7. Class: Chromates

3.2.8. Class: Nitrates

3.2.8 . Class: Iodates

*3.2.8 . Class: Iodites

3.2.8c. Class: Rhodonates (tiocyanates)

4. Type: Minerals with principal covalent-ionic and ionic bond - halogen compounds: halogenides (isodesmical) ® halogenosalts (anisodesmical)

4.1. Subtype: Halogenides (isodesmical)

4.1.1.Class: Fluorides

4.1.2. Class: Chlorides and bromides

4.1.2 . Class: Iodides

4.2. Subtype: Halogeno

salts (anisodesmical) (with hexacyanoferrates and hexatiocyanates, rhodonides)

4.2 . Quasisubtype*: Halogenosalts with d-cation-complexformers

4.2 .1. Class: Chloroferrites and chlorocuprites (only s-cations and NH⁺₄)

4.2 .2. Class: Hexachloroferrates and hexachloromanganates (only s-cations)

4.2b. Quasisubtype*: Halogenosalts with p-cation-complexformers

4.2b.1. Class: Fluoroaluminates (only s-cations)

4.2b.2. Class: Fluoroborates (only s-cations)

4.2b.3. Class: Fluorosilicates (only s-cations and NH⁺₄)

4.2b.4. Class: Chloroaluminates (only s-cations)

5. Type: Carbon, its compounds (without carbonates) and related substances

5 . Quasitype*:Inorganic carbon compounds (without carbonates) and related substances

5 .1. Subtype: Native minerals

5 .2. Subtype: Minerals with principal covalent and metallic-covalent bond - carbides and relat

ed substances - silicides, nitrides and phosphides

5 .2.1. Class: Carbides

5 .2.1 . Class: Silicides

5 .2.2. Class: Nitrides

5 .2.2 . Class: Phosphides

5b. Quasitype*: Organic carbon compounds (minerals with principal van der Waals forces bond)

5b.1. Subtype: Salts of organic acids

5b.1.1. Class: Salts of benzopolycarbonic acids ( ₆H_6-n(COOH)_n; n = 6)

5b.1.2. Class: Salts of citric acid (citrates)

5b.1.3. Class: Salts of acetic acid (acetates)

5b.1.4. Class: Salts of oxalic acid (oxalates)

*5 .1.5. Class: Salts of formic acid (formates)

 

5b.2. Subtype: Hydrocarbons and related compounds

5b.2.1. Class: Hydrocarbons cyclic (in the order of decreasing = : )...........

5b.2.2. Class: Hydrocarbons oxygenbearing (in the order of increasing  : ).

5b.2.3. Class: Nitrogenbearing organic compounds

5b.3.

Subtype: Mixtures of organic substances including amber and  related substances

References

Index