Geoethics In Latin America

Part 1.- 1.1 Geoethics.- 1.1.2 Introduction.- 1.1.3 Overall objectives.- 1.1.4 Relate goals to overall IUGS scientific objectives.- 1.2 Geoethics: basic concepts and its potential for UNESCO Geoparks.- 1.2.1 Introduction.- 1.2.2 What is geoethics and why is it necessary?.- 1.2.3 Geosphere and Earth System: understanding planetary dynamics.- 1.2.4 Anthropocene and Anthropogenic Global Change.- 1.2.5 Earth system goods and services.- 1.2.6 Geosphere values.- 1.2.7 Behave and act ethically: areas of application of geoethics.- 1.2.8 Geoethics and UNESCO Global Geoparks.- 1.2.9 Conclusions.- References.- 2 Argentina.- 2.1 Towards a Latin American Geoethics?.- 2.1.1 Introduction.- 2.1.2 Unthinking Geoethics.- 2.1.2.1 Professional field.- 2.1.2.2 Social and Human Sciences fields.- 2.1.2.3 Social field.- 2.1.3 Reasons for a Latin American Geoethics?.- 2.1.3.1 Latin American ideas.- 2.1.3.2 Structural historical features.- 2.1.4 Conclusions.- References.- 2.2 The Superior Geology Professional Council and ethics.- 2.2.1 Introduction.- 2.2.2 Some facts about ethics.- 2.2.3 Consequences.- 2.2.4 The Code of Ethics.- 2.2.5 Conclusions.- References.- 3 Brazil.- 3.1 Ferruginous Geosystems and the current situation of iron in Brazil: economic growth or environmental regression?.- 3.1.1 Introduction.- 3.1.2 Iron.- 3.1.3 Banded Iron Formations (BIFs) and Conservation Units in Brazil.- 3.1.4 Cangas.- 3.1.5 The FGGs and the iron mining in Brazil.- 3.1.6 Quadrilátero Ferrífero (QF).- 3.1.7 Serra dos Carajás (SCJ).- 3.1.8 The relation between mining, hydrogeology and FGSs in Brazil.- 3.1.9 Regulatory Inconsistencies.- 3.1.10 Risks of retreats to environmental conservation.- 3.1.11 Final Remarks.- References.- 3.2 Gigantic cities and the new challenge of an old science: Geoethics, geoeducation and geoknowledge in Porto Alegre, Brazil.- 3.2.1 Introduction.- 3.2.2 Terra Urbis: Growth and scales of the cities in the urbanizing world.- 3.2.2.1 The metropolis without limits: the era of the giant cities.- 3.2.2.2 Chains of giant cities: how big can be urban agglomeration?.- 3.2.2.3 The nature surrounded by the city: the ecumenopolis or the mundus-city.- 3.2.3 The city as geological global fact: The dawn of the techno-urbansphere.- 3.2.3.1 Understanding cities as a global geological fact and introducing Geoethics: new challenges to live in urban realm.- 3.2.3.2 The geohazardous edges of techno-urbansphere: when the city reaches the volcano slope and plate tectonics boundary.- 3.2.3.3 The complexity of techno-urbansphere needs geoethic culture and geoknowledge for all citizens.- 3.2.4 Geoknowledge and Geoethics for urban sustainability: The example of the environmental atlas of Porto Alegre city.- 3.2.4.1 Geology and urban environment: understanding the natural history of the city.- 3.2.4.2 Urban environmental management, citizen participation and geoeducation: Geoethics and paths to tame the techno-urbansphere.- 3.2.5 Final remarks: towards a geoethic culture for urban realm.- References.- 4 Chile.- 5 Colombia.- 5.1 Geology as a profession and Geoethics in Colombia.- 5.1.1 Introduction.- 5.1.2 National institutions related to earth sciences in Colombia.- 5.1.3 University programs in earth sciences in Colombia.- 5.1.4 Associations.- 5.1.5 The 09 law of 1974.- 5.1.6 The code of ethics for geologists.- 5.1.7 Further considerations.-References.- 5.2 The Geoethical promise and the incorporation of disaster risk management in the territorial ordination of Colombia.- 5.2.1 Introduction.- 5.2.2 The Geoethical Promise.- 5.2.3 The Dissertation.- References.- 6 Ecuador.- 6.1 Ethics, policy and risk assessment of the Cotopaxi volcanic crisis in Ecuador - Vulnerable society versus unprepared volcanic monitoring staff and authorities.- 6.1.1 Introduction.- 6.1.2 Geological history and volcanic hazards associated with Cotopaxi volcano.- 6.1.3 Volcanic Risk assessment in Ecuador.- 6.1.3.1 Authorities and line of command.- 6.1.3.2 Volcanic Monitoring in Ecuador.- 6.1.3.3