Structure, Dynamics, and Biogenesis of Biomembranes

Structure and Dynamics of Biological Membranes Studied by Nanosecond Fluorescence Spectroscopy.- I. Wobbling Motion of the Hydrocarbon Chains in Lipid Bilayers.- 1. Nanosecond fluorescence depolarization and wobbling in cone model.- 2. Phase transition of lipid hydrocarbon chains.- 3. Effect of double bonds.- 4. Effect of cholesterol.- II. Protein-lipid Interaction: The Case of Cytochrome Oxidase.- 1. Conformational changes in cytochrome oxidase.- 2. Effect of cytochrome oxidase on lipid dynamics.- III. Chromophore in Bacteriorhodopsin.- 1. Immobility of the chromophore in the binding site.- 2. Location and orientation of the chromophore in the purple membrane.- IV. Dynamic Structure of Biological Membranes.- Summary.- Interaction of Enveloped Virus with Cell Membranes: A Spin Label Study.- I. Methods.- 1. Transfer of phospholipids from virus envelope to target cell membranes.- 2. Release to tempocholine from preloaded virus particles.- 3. Assay of endocytized virus particles.- II. Analysis of Phospholipid Transfer and Tempocholine Release Based on Envelope Fusion.- III. Phospholipid Transfer via Exchange between Virus Envelope and Cell Membrane.- IV. Envelope Fusion of Influenza Virus Is Activated under Mildly Acidic Conditions.- Summary.- Mechanism of HVJ-Induced Cell Fusion.- I. Virus and Cells.- II. Reaction Steps of Virus-induced Fusion Reaction.- III. Structure-function Relationship of F Glycoprotein Required for Fusion.- IV. Structure-function Relationship of HANA Glycoprotein.- V. Effects of Lipid Composition on Fusion Reaction.- VI. Intracellular Factors Which Control Fusion-undergoing Ability of Cells.- VII. Changes in Membrane Structure Relevant to Cell-cell Fusion.- Summary.- Transmembrane Control of the Mobility of Surface Receptors by Cytoskeletal Structures.- I. Interrelation between Cell Surface Receptors and Cytoplasmic MT.- 1. Restriction of the mobility of receptors by concanavalin A (Con A) and its reversion by colchicine.- 2. A hypothesis for the control of receptor movement by cytoplasmic MT.- 3. Visualization of the MT network in lymphocytes by immunofluorescence microscopy using antitubulin antibody.- 4. Modulation of MT organization by patching and capping.- II. Mechanism of Capping: An Alteration of Microfilamentous Organizations Associated with Redistribution of Surface Receptors.- 1. Ligand-independent (LI) capping induced in hypertonic medium.- 2. Mechanism of translocation of microvilli accompanying capping of surface receptors.- Summary.- Structures of the Sugar Chains of Cell Surface Glycoproteins.- I. Structures of Mucin-type Sugar Chains.- II. Structures of Asparagine-linked Sugar Chains.- III. Species-specific Structural Differences in the Outer Chain Moiety of Complex-type Asparagine-linked Sugar Chains.- IV. Problem of Microheterogeneity of the Sugar Chains of Glycoproteins.- Summary.- Structure and Function of Outer Membrane of Escherichia Coli: A Reconstitution Study.- I. Components of Outer Membrane.- II. Properties of Major Outer Membrane Proteins.- 1. The lipoprotein.- 2. OmpF and OmpC.- 3. OmpA.- III. Reconstitution of Outer Membrane.- IV. Interaction between Outer Membrane Proteins and LPS.- V. Roles of Cell Surface Components of E. coli K-12 in Bacteriophage Infection.- Summary.- Synthesis and Translocation of Mitochondrial Matrix Enzymes in Higher Animals with Special Reference to ?-Aminolevulinate Synthase.- I. Synthesis and Intracellular Translocation of ALA Synthase.- 1. Induction of synthesis of ALA synthase in rat liver.- 2. Inhibition of intracellular translocation of ALA synthase by heme.- 3. Inhibition of ALA synthase synthesis by heme.- 4. Possible processing of ALA synthase.- 5. Physiological significance of the regulatory effects of heme on ALA synthase.- II. Synthesis and Intracellular Translocation of Other Matrix Enzymes.- 1. Glutamate dehydrogenase and malate dehydrogenase.- 2. Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase and ornithine transcarbamoylase.- 3. Aspartate aminotra