Acoustics-A Textbook for Engineers and Physicists: Volume II: Applications

List of Examples
Preface
7 Radiation from Vibrating Bodies 7.1 Spherical Harmonics 7.1.1 Separation of Variables 7.1.2 Description of the Pressure Field 7.1.3 Arbitrary Spatial Dependence 7.2 Radiation from a Spherical Body 7.2.1 Analysis 7.2.2 Important Limits 7.2.3 Symmetry Plane
7.2.4 Interaction with an Elastic Spherical Shell 7.3 Radiation from an Infinite Cylinder 7.3.1 Separation of Variables 7.3.2 Transverse Dependence-Cylindrical Bessel Functions 7.3.3 Radiation due to a Helical Surface Wave 7.3.4 Axially Periodic Surface Vibration 7.3.5 Finite Length Effects 7.4 Kirchhoff-Helmholtz Integral Theorem 7.4.1 Derivation for an Acoustic Cavity 7.4.2 Acoustic Radiation into an Exterior Domain 7.5 Numerical Methods for Radiation from Arbitrary Objects 7.5.1 Source Superposition 7.5.2 Boundary Element Method 7.5.3 Finite Element Method 7.6 Homework Exercises
8 Radiation from a Source in a Baffle 8.1 The Rayleigh Integral 8.2 Farfield Directivity 8.2.1 Cartesian Coordinate Description 8.2.2 Farfield of a Piston Transducer 8.3 Axial Dependence for a Circular Transducer 8.4 An Overall Picture of the Pressure Field 8.5 Radiation Impedance of a Circular Piston 8.6 Time Domain Rayleigh Integral 8.7 Homework Exercises
9 Modal Analysis of Waveguides 9.1 Propagation in a Horn 9.1.1 The Webster Horn Equation 9.1.2 Exponential Horn 9.1.3 Group Velocity 9.1.4 WKB Solution for an Arbitrary Horn 9.2 Two-Dimensional Waveguides 9.2.1 General Solution 9.2.2 Rigid Walls9.2.3 Interpretation 9.2.4 Flexible Walls 9.2.5 Orthogonality and Signal Generation 9.3 Three-Dimensional Waveguides 9.3.1 General Analytical Procedure 9.3.2 Rectangular Waveguide 9.3.3 Circular Waveguide 9.4 Homework Exercises
10 Modal Analysis of Enclosures 10.1 Fundamental Issues 10.1.1 Wall-Induced Signals 10.1.2 Source Excitation 10.2 Frequency-Domain Analysis Using Forced Cavity Modes 10.2.1 Rectangular Enclosures 10.2.2 Spherical Cavities 10.2.3 Cylindrical Enclosures 10.3 Analysis Using Natural Cavity Modes 10.3.1 Equations Governing Cavity Modes 10.3.2 Orthogonality 10.3.3 Analysis of the Pressure Field 10.3.4 Rectangular Cavity 10.3.5 Cylindrical Cavity 10.3.6 Spherical Cavity 10.4 Approximate Methods 10.4.1 The Rayleigh Ratio and Its Uses 10.4.2 Dowell's Approximation 10.5 Homework Exercises<
11 Geometrical Acoustics 11.1 Basic Considerations: Wavefronts and Rays 11.1.1 Field Equations for an Inhomogeneous Fluid 11.1.2 Reflection and Refraction of Rays 11.2 Propagation in a Vertically Stratified Medium 11.2.1 Snell's Law for Vertical Heterogeneity 11.2.2 Intensity and Focusing Factor 11.3 Arbitrary Heterogeneous Fluids 11.3.1 Ray Tracing Equations 11.3.2 Amplitude Dependence 11.4 Fermat's Principle 11.5 Homework Exercises
12 Scattering 12.1 Background 12.2 Scattering by Heterogeneity 12.2.1 General Equations 12.2.2 The Born Approximation 12.3 Rayleigh Scattering Limit 12.3.1 The Rayleigh Limit of the Born Approximation 12.3.2 Mismatched Heterogeneous Region 12.3.3 Scattering from a Rigid Body 12.4 Measurements and Metrics 12.5 High Frequency Approximation 12.6 Scattering from Spheres 12.6.1 Stationary Spherical Scatterer 12.6.2 Scattering by an Elastic Spherical Shell 12.7 Homework Exercises
13 Nonlinear Acoustic Waves 13.1 Riemann's Solution for Plane Waves 13.1.1 Analysis 13.1.2 Interpretation 13.1.3 Boundary and Initial Conditions 13.1.4 Equations of State 13.1.5 Quantitative Evaluations 13.2 Effects of Nonlinearity 13.2.1 Harmonic Generation 13.2.2 Shock Formation 13.2.3 Propagation of Weak Shocks 13.3 General Analytical Techniques 13.3.1 A Nonlinear Wave Equation 13.3.2 Frequency Domain Formulation 13.3.3 Regular Perturbation Series Expansion 13.3.4 Method of Strained Coordinates 13.4 Multidimensional Systems 13.4.1 Finite Amplitude Spherical Wave 13.4.2 Waves in Cartesian Coordinates 13.5 Further Studies
13.6 Homework Exercises
Appendix A: Curvilinear Coordinates A.1 Spherical Coordinates A.1.1 Gradient A.1.2 Laplacian A.1.3 Veloci