Repairing and Extending Nonstructural Metals

'1 Introduction.- What Nonstructural Metal Items Are and What They Do.- Failure Types and Conditions.- What to Do in an Emergency.- Professional Help.- Help for Building Owners.- Help for Architects and Engineers.- Help for General Building Contractors.- Prework On-site Examination.- The Owner.- Architects and Engineers.- Building Contractors.- 2 Support Systems.- Concrete and Steel Structural Framing Systems.- Concrete and Steel Structure Failure.- Concrete and Steel Structure Movement.- Metal Framing and Furring.- Materials.- Installation.- Metal Framing and Furring Failures and What to Do about Them.- Metal Framing and Furring Problems.- Repairing and Extending Metal Framing and Furring.- Installing New Metal Framing and Furring over Existing Materials.- Wood Framing and Furring.- General Requirements.- Wood and Plywood.- Miscellaneous Framing Components and Other Materials.- Wood and Plywood Treatment.- Installation.- Wood Framing and Furring Failures and What to Do about Them.- Wood Framing and Furring Problems.- Repairing and Extending Wood Framing and Furring.- Installing New Wood Framing and Furring over Existing Materials.- Substrates.- Solid Substrate Problems.- Other Building Elements.- Other Building Element Problems.- Where to Get More Information.- 3 Metal Materials.- Iron.- Wrought Iron.- Cast Iron.- Malleable Iron.- Other Types of Cast Iron.- Iron Castings.- Steel.- Steel Types.- Steel-Products Production.- Aluminum.- Aluminum Alloys.- Heat Treatment.- Aluminum Products Production.- Copper Alloys.- The Copper Alloys.- Copper-Alloy Products Production.- Other Metals.- Zinc.- Lead.- Chromium.- Magnesium.- Nickel.- Tin.- Gold.- Metal Material Failures and What to Do about Them.- Types of Corrosion.- Errors That Lead to Corrosion.- Types of Fracture.- Metal Identification by Fracture Characteristics.- Errors That Lead to Fracture.- Repairing Corroded or Fractured Metals.- Where to Get More Information.- 4 Mechanical, Chemical, and Inorganic Metal Finishes.- Mechanical Finishes for and Cleaning of Ferrous Metals.- Mill Finish.- Polished, Patterned, and Other Stainless Steel Finishes.- Mechanical Cleaning of Ferrous Metals.- Chemical Finishes for and Cleaning of Ferrous Metals.- Chemical Cleaning and Pretreatment of Steel.- Chemical Decoration of Stainless Steel.- Requirements Applicable to All Inorganic Nonferrous Metal Finishes.- Finish Designations for Aluminum.- Mechanical Finishes for Aluminum.- As Fabricated Finish for Aluminum.- Other Mechanical Finishes for and Cleaning of Aluminum.- Chemical Finishes for and Cleaning of Aluminum.- Non-Etched Cleaned Aluminum.- Etched Aluminum.- Brightened Aluminum.- Conversion Coatings for Aluminum.- Finish Designations for Copper Alloys.- Mechanical Finishes for Copper Alloys.- As Fabricated Finish for Copper Alloys.- Other Mechanical Finishes for and Cleaning of Copper-Alloy Items.- Chemical Finishes for and Cleaning of Copper Alloys.- Non-Etched Cleaned Copper Alloys.- Conversion Coatings for Copper Alloys.- Metallic Finishes.- Galvanized Steel.- Aluminized Steel.- Other Metal-coated Metals.- Anodic Coatings.- Types of Anodic Coatings on Aluminum.- Colors.- Standard Designations for Anodic Coatings.- Vitreous Coatings.- Porcelain Enamel on Steel.- Porcelain Enamel on Aluminum.- Laminated Coatings.- Reasons for Mechanical and Inorganic Metal Finish Failure.- Bad Materials.- Metal Failure.- Improper Design.- Inappropriate Finishes.- Mismatched Finishes.- Improper Preparation for Finishing.- Bad Workmanship.- Failure to Protect the Finish.- Poor Maintenance Procedures.- Natural Aging.- Evidence of Mechanical and Inorganic Finish Failures.- Rust or Other Corrosion.- Damaged or Discolored Finishes.- Breaks and Cracks.- Worn or Missing Finishes.- Cleaning and Maintaining Existing Metal Surfaces.- Repairing Failed Mechanical and Inorganic Finishes.- Where to Get More Information.-