Design of Low Power and Low Area Passive Sigma Delta Modulators for Audio Applications

1 Introduction1.1 Motivation and Background1.2 Book Organization2 Sigma-Delta Modulation2.1 Introduction2.2 First Order Sigma-Delta Modulator2.3 Second Order Sigma-Delta Modulator2.4 Higher Order Sigma-Delta Modulator2.4.1 The MASH Structure3 Architecture and High Level Model3.1 Passive Integrator3.1.1 Ultra Incomplete Settling3.1.2 Discrete Time Transfer Function of the SC Integrator3.1.3 Thermal Noise Analysis3.2 Modulator Block Diagram3.2.1 Signal and Noise Transfer Functions3.3 Proposed Architecture3.4 High Level Model3.5 Optimization3.6 Reducing the Size of the Capacitors4 Electrical Circuits and Simulation Results4.1 Introduction4.2 Digital Circuitry4.2.1 Logic Gates4.2.2 Delay Circuits4.2.3 Phase Generator4.2.4 Flip-Flop4.3 Amplifiers4.3.1 Gain G24.3.2 Gain Gmid4.4 Comparator4.5 Switching Circuitry4.5.1 Clock Bootstrapped Switch4.6 Feedback and Reference Voltages4.7 Monostable Circuit4.8 Simulation Results4.8.1 Second Order SigmaDelta Modulator4.8.2 Third Order MASH SigmaDelta Modulator4.8.3 Third Order MASH SigmaDeltaM with Monostable Circuit5 Conclusions5.1 Final RemarksReferences