Recycling of Lithium-Ion Batteries: The LithoRec Way

Foreword.- Background.- The LithoRec process.- Potential dangers during the handling of lithium-ion batteries.- Overdischarging lithium-ion batteries.- Disassembly planning and assessment of automation potentials for lithium-ion batteries.- Safe, flexible and productive human-robot-collaboration for disassembly of lithium-ion batteries.- Crushing of battery modules and cells.- Separation of the electrolyte - Thermal drying.- Separation of the electrolyte - Solvent extraction.- Electrolyte extraction - sub and supercritical CO2.- Off gas cleaning by adsorption.- Material separation.- Hydrometallurgical processing and thermal treatment of active materials.- Realization in a demonstration plant.- Economic assessment of the LithoRec process.- Environmental aspects of the recycling of lithium-ion traction batteries.