Introduction to Nonparametric Statistics for the Biological Sciences Using R

'1 Nonparametric Statistics for the Biological Sciences 1.1 Purpose of This Lesson 1.2 Data Types 1.2.1 Nominal Data 1.2.2 Ordinal Data 1.2.3 Interval Data and Ratio Data 1.3 Graphical Presentation of Populations 1.3.1 Samples that Exhibit Normal Distribution 1.3.2 Samples that Fail to Exhibit Normal Distribution 1.4 R and Nonparametric Analyses 1.4.1 Precision of Scales: Ordinal v Interval 1.4.2 Deviation from Normal Distribution 1.4.3 Sample Size: Number of Subjects for Each Breakout Group 1.5 Definition of Nonparametric Analysis 1.6 Statistical Tests and Graphics Associated with Distribution Patterns 1.7 Prepare to Exit, Save, and Later Retrieve This R Session
2 Sign Test 2.1 Background on This Lesson 2.1.1 Description of the Data 2.1.2 Null Hypothesis (Ho)2.2 Data Import of a .csv Spreadsheet-Type Data File into R 2.3 Organize the Data and Display the Code Book 2.4 Conduct a Visual Data Check 2.5 Descriptive Analysis of the Data 2.6 Conduct the Statistical Analysis 2.7 Summary 2.8 Prepare to Exit, Save, and Later Retrieve This R Session
3 Chi-Square 3.1 Background on This Lesson 3.1.1 Description of the Data 3.1.2 Null Hypothesis (Ho) 3.2 Data Import of a .csv Spreadsheet-Type Data File into R 3.3 Organize the Data and Display the Code Book 3.4 Conduct a Visual Data Check 3.5 Descriptive Analysis of the Data 3.6 Conduct the Statistical Analysis 3.7 Summary 3.8 Addendum: Calculate the Chi-Square Statistic from Contingency Tables 3.9 Prepare to Exit, Save, and Later Retrieve This R Session
4 Mann-Whitney U Test 4.1 Background on This Lesson 4.1.1 Description of the Data 4.1.2 Null Hypothesis (Ho) 4.2 Data Import of a .csv Spreadsheet-Type Data File into R 4.3 Organize the Data and Display the Code Book 4.4 Conduct a Visual Data Check 4.5 Descriptive Analysis of the Data 4.6 Conduct the Statistical Analysis 4.7 Summary 4.8 Addendum: Stacked Data v Unstacked Data 4.9 Prepare to Exit, Save, and Later Retrieve This R Session
5 Wilcoxon Matched-Pairs Signed-Ranks Test 5.1 Background on This Lesson 5.1.1 Description of the Data 5.1.2 Null Hypothesis (Ho) 5.2 Data Import of a .csv Spreadsheet-Type Data File into R 5.3 Organize the Data and Display the Code Book 5.4 Conduct a Visual Data Check 5.5 Descriptive Analysis of the Data 5.6 Conduct the Statistical Analysis 5.7 Summary<5.8 Addendum 1: Stacked Data and the Wilcoxon Matched-Pairs Signed Ranks Test 5.9 Addendum 2: Similar Functions from Different Packages 5.10 Addendum 3: Nonparamteric v Parametric Confirmation of Outcomes 5.11 Prepare to Exit, Save, and Later Retrieve This R Session
6 Kruskal-Wallis H-Test for Oneway Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) by Ranks 6.1 Background on This Lesson 6.1.1 Description of the Data 6.1.2 Null Hypothesis (Ho) 6.2 Data Import of a .csv Spreadsheet-Type Data File into R 6.3 Organize the Data and Display the Code Book 6.4 Conduct a Visual Data Check 6.5 Descriptive Analysis of the Data 6.6 Conduct the Statistical Analysis 6.7 Summary 6.8 Addendum: Comparison of Kruskal-Wallis Test Differences by Breakout Group 6.9 Prepare to Exit, Save, and Later Retrieve This R Session
7 Friedman Two Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) by Ranks 7.1 Background on This Lesson 7.1.1 Description of the Data 7.1.2 Null Hypothesis (Ho) 7.2 Data Import of a .csv Spreadsheet-Type Data File into R 7.3 Organize the Data and Display the Code Book 7.4 Conduct a Visual Data Check 7.5 Descriptive Analysis of the Data 7.6 Conduct the Statistical Analysis 7.7 Summary 7.8 Addendum: Similar Functions from Different Packages 7.9 Prepare to Exit, Save, and Later Retrieve This R Session
8 Spearman's Rank-Difference Coefficient of Correlation 8.1 Background on This Lesson 8.1.1 Description of the Data 8.1.2 Null Hypothesis (Ho) 8.2 Data Import of a .csv Spreadsheet-Type Data File into R 8.3 Organize the Data and Display the Code Book 8.4 Conduct a Visual Data Check 8.5 Descr